时态三重陷阱
80%的时态错误集中在三大场景:1) 现在完成时与一般过去时的混淆(如'I have seen that movie last week'应为'I saw...');2) 过去进行时表背景动作('When he arrived, I cooked dinner'应改为'I was cooking');3) 将来时的多种表达差异('will'表自发决定,'be going to'表计划,'be doing'表既定安排)。记住时态时间轴图示法可快速判断。
虚拟语气四象限
虚拟语气考点遵循'时态倒退'原则:1) 与现在事实相反(If I were you, I would...);2) 与过去事实相反(If you had studied harder...);3) 建议/要求类动词后的should省略(recommend/suggest that...);4) wish/as if后的特殊时态(I wish I knew)。注意'混合虚拟'题型,如'If you had taken the medicine yesterday, you wouldn't be sick now'。
主谓一致五原则
突破主谓一致需掌握:1) 就近原则(Neither...nor...);2) 就远原则(as well as);3) 集体名词差异(family表整体用单数,表成员用复数);4) 数量短语陷阱('a number of'接复数,'the number of'接单数);5) 不定代词规则(each/every接单数,both接复数)。特别警惕'there be'句型中的'假主语'现象。
几个练习句子
If it hadn't rained yesterday, we could have gone picnic.
如果昨天没下雨,我们本可以去野餐。
This book has been translated into 30 languages.
这本书被翻译成30种语言。
Not only the students but also the teacher attended the meeting.
不仅学生,老师也参加了会议。
She suggested that we (should) leave early.
她建议我们早点出发。
I am used to drinking hot milk before sleep.
我习惯睡前喝热牛奶。
结论
本文提炼的20个语法重点覆盖90%以上考试高频考点,建议配合错题本针对性练习。考前最后阶段,优先攻克:1) 时态标志词识别;2) 虚拟语气结构公式;3) 长难句主谓定位。记住:语法不是死记硬背,而是通过典型例句培养'语感反射'。现在就用5分钟快速检测文中的5个练习句,立即发现知识盲区!