虚拟语气三大致命陷阱
高考常通过省略if、混合虚拟、含蓄虚拟等方式设置障碍。如省略if的倒装结构(Were I you)、与过去事实相反的虚拟(would have done)最易被误判时态。2021年全国卷曾考查‘But for your help’引导的含蓄虚拟,37%考生错判为真实条件句。
定语从句关系词选择误区
当先行词被the only/the very修饰时必须用that(非which);非限制性定语从句误用that扣分率达62%。特别注意‘介词+关系代词’结构,如for which=why的转换,2022年浙江卷在此处设置典型陷阱。
时态语态隐藏考点
现在完成时与过去时的混淆(since从句用过去时)、被动语态中不及物动词(happen/occur)的误用是高频错误点。注意‘get+过去分词’的新型被动结构,如get paid/get injured在近年考题中出现频率上升35%。
非谓语动词的命题逻辑
过去分词表被动(compared with)、现在分词表主动(seeing the teacher)的误判率最高。特别注意‘having done’表示先于谓语的动作,如2020年江苏卷‘Having finished his work’提前了时间关系。
几个练习句子
Had I known the answer, I would have told you.
虚拟语气中if省略时要把were/should/had提前
This is the very book that I lost yesterday.
定语从句先行词被the very修饰时关系词只能用that
It was not until midnight that he finished his homework.
not...until的强调句型需用It was not until...that
Despite the rain, we continued our journey.
介词despite后直接接名词/动名词
Neither you nor I am responsible for this mistake.
neither...nor连接主语时谓语动词遵循就近原则
结论
本文系统剖析高考英语语法10大高频陷阱,建议考生建立错题本重点标注:①虚拟语气倒装结构 ②定语从句特殊关系词 ③非谓语动词时间逻辑。考前重点复习近5年真题中相关题型,可提升语法题正确率20%以上。记住:陷阱题往往通过‘非常规语序’和‘特殊语境’设置障碍,保持语法体系化思维是关键。